affray
英 [?'fre?]
美 [?'fre]
助記提示
1. aff(阿福) + ray => 小狗阿福經(jīng)常為了曬太陽(yáng)爭(zhēng)光線而打架、吵架。
2. afraid => affray.
3. The underlying meaning of the word is thus 'take away someone's peace'.
4. free => afraid, affray.
5. *exfray => *esfray => *effray (同化) => *affray (應(yīng)該是誤寫、誤傳所致).
6. afraid 原本是 affray 的過去分詞。
中文詞源
affray 打架前綴af-為ex- 變體。詞根fray, 平和，友愛，同free, friend. 原意為憂慮，后指破壞和平，打架。
英文詞源
- affray
- affray: [14] Affray is a word of mixed Germanic and Romance origin. The noun comes from the verb, ‘a(chǎn)larm’ (now obsolete, but still very much with us in the form of its past participle, afraid), which was borrowed into English from Anglo- Norman afrayer and Old French effreer and esfreer. These go back to a hypothetical Vulgar Latin verb *exfridāre, which was composed of the Latin prefix ex- ‘out’ and an assumed noun *fridus, which Latin took from the Frankish *frithuz ‘peace’ (cognate with German friede ‘peace’, and with the name Frederick). The underlying meaning of the word is thus ‘take away someone’s peace’.
=> afraid, belfry - affray (n.)
- c. 1300, "state of alarm produced by a sudden disturbance," from Old French effrei, esfrei "disturbance, fright," from esfreer (v.) "to worry, concern, trouble, disturb," from Vulgar Latin *exfridare, a hybrid word meaning literally "to take out of peace," from Latin ex- "out of" (see ex-) + Frankish *frithu "peace," from Proto-Germanic *frithuz "peace, consideration, forbearance" (cognates: Old Saxon frithu, Old English frieu, Old High German fridu "peace, truce"), from suffixed form of PIE root *pri- "to be friendly, love" (see free (adj.)). Meaning "breach of the peace, riotous fight in public" is from late 15c. Related verb afrey (early 14c.) survives almost exclusively in its past participle, afraid (q.v.).
雙語例句
- 1. They were convicted of affray and received community service sentences.
- 他們因毆斗滋事被判決為社區(qū)義務(wù)服務(wù)。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. Barnstaple crown court was told he caused an affray at a pub in Braunton, Devon.
- 有人向巴恩斯特珀?duì)栃淌路ㄔ焊姘l(fā)他在德文郡布朗頓的一家酒館打架滋事。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. An interesting shooting affray was on in the mountains of Kentucky.
- 在肯塔基州山區(qū)發(fā)生了有趣的槍戰(zhàn).
來自英漢文學(xué) - 嘉莉妹妹
- 4. Gambling houses ran full blast and hardly a night passed without its shooting or cutting affray.
- 賭場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)最興旺,幾乎沒有一夜不發(fā)生開槍、動(dòng)刀子或打架的事.
來自飄（部分）
- 5. The Crime of Affray is a common and frequently occurring crime.
- 聚眾斗毆罪是一種常見的、多發(fā)性的犯罪.
來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)