old
英 [??ld]
美 [old]
- adj. 陳舊的，古老的；年老的
- n. 古時(shí)
- n. (Old)人名；(英)奧爾德
助記提示
1. alt- => ald => old.
2. => grown tall. => grown old, grown up, adult.
中文詞源
old 老的來(lái)自古英語(yǔ)ald,來(lái)自PIE*al,生長(zhǎng)，成長(zhǎng)，詞源同adult,adolescent,elder.-d,過(guò)去分詞后綴。即長(zhǎng)大了的，變老的。
英文詞源
- old
- old: [OE] Etymologically, old means ‘grown-up’. It comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *altha (source also of German alt and Dutch oud) which was a past-participial adjective formed from the base of a verb meaning ‘grow, nourish’. (A precisely similar formation from the related Latin verb adolēscere ‘grow’ has given English adult, and Latin altus ‘high’ – source of English altitude [14] – was originally a past-participial adjective too, derived from alēre ‘nourish’, although it has metaphoricized ‘growing’ to ‘height’ rather than ‘a(chǎn)ge’.) Elderly and the comparative and superlative elder, eldest come ultimately from the same source. World began life as a compound noun of which the noun *ald- ‘a(chǎn)ge’, a relative of old, formed the second element.
=> adult, altitude, elder, world - old (adj.)
- Old English ald (Anglian), eald (West Saxon) "aged, antique, primeval; elder, experienced," from Proto-Germanic *althaz "grown up, adult" (cognates: Old Frisian ald, Gothic alteis, Dutch oud, German alt), originally a past participle stem of a verb meaning "grow, nourish" (compare Gothic alan "to grow up," Old Norse ala "to nourish"), from PIE root *al- (3) "to grow, nourish" (cognates: Greek aldaino "make grow, strengthen," althein, althainein "to get well;" Latin alere "to feed, nourish, bring up, increase," altus "high," literally "grown tall," almus "nurturing, nourishing," alumnus "fosterling, step-child;" Old Irish alim "I nourish").
The usual PIE root is *sen- (see senior (adj.)). A few Indo-European languages distinguish words for "old" (vs. young) from words for "old" (vs. new), and some have separate words for aged persons as opposed to old things. Latin senex was used of aged living things, mostly persons, while vetus (literally "having many years") was used of inanimate things. Greek geraios was used mostly of humans; Greek palaios was used mostly of things, of persons only in a derogatory sense. Greek also had arkhaios, literally "belonging to the beginning," which parallels French ancien, used mostly with reference to things "of former times."
Old English also had fyrn "ancient," related to Old English feor "far, distant" (see far, and compare Gothic fairneis, Old Norse forn "old, of old, of former times," Old High German firni "old, experienced"). The original Old English vowel is preserved in Scots auld, also in alderman. The original comparative and superlative (elder, eldest) are retained in particular uses.
First record of old-timer is from 1860. Expression old as the hills first recorded 1819. The good old days dates from 1828. Of old "of old times" is from late 14c. Old maid "woman who remains single well beyond the usual marrying age" is from 1520s; the card game is attested by that name from 1844. Old man "man who has lived long" is from c. 1200; sense of "husband, father, boss" is from 1854, earlier (1830) it was military slang for "commanding officer;" old lady "wife, mother" is attested from c. 1775. Old English is attested from 1701, originally as a type of font. Old boy originally was a former pupil of one of the English public schools. Old Testament attested from mid-14c.
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. No matter where you go in life or how old you get, there's always something new to learn about. After all, life is full of surprises.
- 不管你生活在哪里，你有多少歲，總有新東西要學(xué)習(xí)，畢竟，生活總是充滿(mǎn)驚喜。
來(lái)自金山詞霸 每日一句
- 2. As a group, today's old people are still relatively deprived.
- 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，當(dāng)今的老年人依然相對(duì)貧困。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 3. Douglas was a 29-year-old journeyman fighter, erratic in his previous fights.
- 道格拉斯29歲，是個(gè)技術(shù)不錯(cuò)的拳擊手，在以前的比賽中發(fā)揮不太穩(wěn)定。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 4. At 54 years old her energy and looks are magnificent.
- 她54歲了，精力和氣色都非常好。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 5. She acted in her firstfilm when she was 13 years old.
- 13歲時(shí)她出演了她的電影處女作。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句