guild: [14] Guilds probably got their name from the subscriptions paid by their members. It goes back to a Germanic *gelth- ‘pay’, which also produced German and Dutch geld ‘money’. An association to which people contributed in order to further a common effort was a *gelthjōn, which probably passed into English via Middle Low German or Middle Dutch gilde. English yield is a relative; it originally meant ‘pay’. => yield
guild (n.)
also gild, early 13c., yilde (spelling later influenced by Old Norse gildi "guild, brotherhood"), a semantic fusion of Old English gegield "guild, brotherhood," and gield "service, offering; payment, tribute; compensation," from Proto-Germanic *geldjam "payment, contribution" (cognates: Old Frisian geld "money," Old Saxon geld "payment, sacrifice, reward," Old High German gelt "payment, tribute;" see yield (v.)).
The connecting sense is of a contribution or payment to join a protective or trade society. But some look to the alternative prehistoric sense of "sacrifice," as if in worship, and see the word as meaning a combination for religious purposes, either Christian or pagan. The Anglo-Saxon guilds had a strong religious component; they were burial societies that paid for Masses for the souls of deceased members as well as paying fines in cases of justified crime. Continental guilds of merchants, incorporated in each town or city and holding exclusive rights of doing business there, arrived after the Conquest. In many cases they became the governing body of a town (compare Guildhall, which came to be the London city hall). Trade guilds arose 14c., as craftsmen united to protect their common interest.
雙語例句
1. the Screen Actors' Guild
影視演員協(xié)會
來自《權威詞典》
2. I belong to a guild of wine butlers.
我屬于主管酒類的男仆同業(yè)公會.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》
3. The same thing holds for the guild member in the medieval towns.
中世紀城市的行會市民,也是如此.
來自英漢非文學 - 家庭、私有制和國家的起源
4. " Mr. Guild Leader, think of something, I beg you.
“ 會長先生, 總求你想想法子,做好事.
來自漢英文學 - 林家鋪子
5. He used to be a member of the Writers' Guild of America.