municipal
英 [mj?'n?s?p(?)l]
美 [mju'n?s?pl]
助記提示
1、muni- + cip- + -al.
2、字面含義：that which take or hold of duties, the town or city that take or hold of duties.
3、含義：free town, city whose citizens have the privileges of Roman citizens but are governed by their own laws.
3、也就是說：城市、市鎮(zhèn)擁有自己的職權(quán)。
中文詞源
municipal 市政的，市政當(dāng)局的，地方自治的來自拉丁語municeps,市民，自治鎮(zhèn)公民，來自munus,共同職責(zé)，共同責(zé)任，相互給予，禮 物，來自PIE*mei,交換，改變，詞源同common,mutual.-cep,承擔(dān)，詞源同capable,accept.該 詞原指古羅馬時(shí)期享有羅馬公民的特權(quán)但是按照自己的法律進(jìn)行管理的特別自治鎮(zhèn)。后詞義 通用化，引申詞義市政的，市政當(dāng)局的。
英文詞源
- municipal
- municipal: [16] Latin mūnus meant ‘office, duty, gift’. Combined with -ceps ‘taker’ (a derivative of the verb capere ‘take’, source of English capture) it formed mūniceps, which denoted a ‘citizen of a Roman city (known as a mūnicipium) whose inhabitants had Roman citizenship but could not be magistrates’. From mūnicipium was derived the adjective mūnicipālis, source of English municipal; this was originally used for ‘of the internal affairs of a state, domestic’, and the modern application to the sphere of local government did not emerge strongly until the 19th century.
The stem of Latin mūnus also crops up in commūnis (source of English common), and so community and municipality are etymologically related. Mūnus in the later sense ‘gift’ formed the basis of the Latin adjective mūnificus ‘giving gifts’, hence ‘generous’, from which ultimately English gets munificent [16].
=> capture, common - municipal (adj.)
- 1540s, from Middle French municipal, from Latin municipalis "of a citizen of a free town, of a free town," also "of a petty town, provincial," from municipium "free town, city whose citizens have the privileges of Roman citizens but are governed by their own laws," from municeps "citizen, inhabitant of a free town." Second element is root of capere "assume, take" (see capable). First element is from munus (plural munia) "service performed for the community, duty, work," also "public spectacle paid for by the magistrate, (gladiatorial) entertainment, gift," from Old Latin moenus "service, duty, burden," from PIE *moi-n-es-, generally taken as a suffixed form of root *mei- (1) "to change, go, move" (Watkins; see mutable); but Tucker says "more probably" from the other PIE root
*mei- meaning "bind," so that munia = "obligations" and communis = "bound together."
雙語例句
- 1. The decor was reminiscent of a municipal arts-and-leisure centre.
- 這種布置讓人想起都市里的藝術(shù)休閑中心。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. The municipal authorities have kept the roads up well.
- 市政當(dāng)局把道路保養(yǎng)得不錯(cuò).
來自《簡明英漢詞典》
- 3. The city is planning to build a municipal library.
- 該市正計(jì)劃建一座市立圖書館.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》
- 4. He works in the municipal government.
- 他在市政府工作.
來自《簡明英漢詞典》
- 5. Islanders have campaigned for the abolition of one of the three tiers of municipal power on the island.
- 島上居民發(fā)起一場運(yùn)動(dòng)，要求廢除島上三級市政管理層中的一級。
來自柯林斯例句