quark是什么意思

quark

英 [kwɑ?k; kw??k] 美 [kwɑrk]

n. [高能][天] 夸克（理論上一種比原子更小的基本粒子）

中文詞源

quark 夸克

夸克是一種基本粒子，為構(gòu)成物質(zhì)的基本單元。兩個上夸克和一個下夸克組成一個質(zhì)子，兩個下夸克和一個上夸克組成一個中子。quark原為一種喜歡上上下下蹦跳的海鳥，為擬聲構(gòu)詞，模仿這種海鳥的叫聲。發(fā)現(xiàn)該物理粒子的美國科學(xué)家Murray Gell-Mann希望為其取一個朗朗上口的名字，避免落入俗套（科學(xué)界流行從希臘和拉丁語中找詞來命名科學(xué)術(shù)語）。后來在一本小說的打油詩中找到一名”Three quarks for Muster Mark”,向麥克老人三呼夸克。這個詞聽起來既有穿透力，又較好的契合了這種物質(zhì)的基本屬性，因此以此命名。

英文詞源

quark: quark: [20] The term quark was applied to a type of fundamental particle by its discoverer, the American physicist Murray Gell-Mann. He seems first to have used quork, but then he remembered quark, a nonsense word used by James Joyce in Finnegan’s Wake 1939, and he decided to plump for that. It first appeared in print in 1964.
quark (n.): 1964, applied by U.S. physicist Murray Gell-Mann (b.1929), who said in correspondence with the editors of the OED in 1978 that he took it from a word in James Joyce's "Finnegans Wake" (1939), but also that the sound of the word was in his head before he encountered the printed form in Joyce. German Quark "curds, rubbish" has been proposed as the ultimate inspiration [Barnhart; Gell-Mann's parents were immigrants from Austria-Hungary]. George Zweig, Gell-Mann's co-proposer of the theory, is said to have preferred the name ace for them.

雙語例句

1. Desktop color separation ( DCs ) would be for the Quark companies used to set color ( process color ).: 桌面分色 ( DCS ) 就是由Quark公司開發(fā)的,用于套印色 ( processcolor ) 處理.

2. When a neutrino transforms a quark, a lepton is emitted.: 當中微子使一種夸克轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種夸克時,會發(fā)射出一個輕子.

3. Superpotent atom smashers will undertake the quark quest in the 1980 s.: 超高效的粒子加速器將于80年代投入夸克探索的工作之中.

4. Quark confinement demonstrates the equivalence of mass and energy discovered by Einstein.: 夸克的產(chǎn)生被愛因斯坦證明了質(zhì)量與能量的守恒.

5. There are six distinct flavors of quark.: 有六種不同的夸克.

quark是什么意思

quark

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