scuttle是什么意思

scuttle

英 ['sk?t(?)l] 美 ['sk?tl]

n. 天窗；煤桶；筐
vi. 逃避；急促地跑
vt. 使船沉沒；破壞

助記提示

1. scooter （速可達） => scoot => scud => scuttle.
2. 諧音“是卡斗、是卡桶”
3. 諧音“撕開逃”
4. scullery, skillet => scuttle.
5. sheet => scuttle "a hole or opening out from sheet".
6. scudo, esquire, escutcheon => scuttle.

中文詞源

scuttle 碎步疾跑

改寫自 scud,飛掠，疾走，-le,表反復。

scuttle 煤桶，煤斗

來自古英語 scutel,大盤子，來自拉丁語 scutella,盤子，來自 scutum,盾，圓盾，來自 PIE*skei, 切，分開，詞源同 sheath,scale,shield.后詞義擴大為桶，特指裝煤的大桶。

scuttle 開口，開孔，鑿沉船，阻止，阻撓

可能借自西班牙語 escotilla,艙口，來自 escota,在衣服上開孔，來自 escotar,剪開。比喻用法，引申詞義在船底鑿孔使船只沉沒，并引申詞義阻止，阻撓。

英文詞源

scuttle: scuttle: English has three distinct words scuttle. The oldest, ‘large container’ [15] (now mainly encountered in coal-scuttle), was borrowed from Old Norse skutill, which goes back ultimately to Latin scutella ‘tray, salver’ (from which English also gets scullery and skillet). Scuttle ‘sink a ship’ [17] is a verbal use of an earlier noun scuttle ‘opening or hatch in a ship’s side’.

This was borrowed from early modern French escoutille ‘hatch’, which in turn came from Spanish escotilla, a diminutive form of escota ‘opening in a garment’. And escota was derived from escotar ‘cut out’, a compound verb formed with the prefix e- ‘out’ from the Germanic stem *skaut- (source of English sheet). Scuttle ‘run’ [17] is a variant of the now obsolete scuddle, which was derived from scud ‘move quickly’ [16]; and scud itself may have been an alteration of scut ‘rabbit’s tail’ [15] (a word of unknown origin), the underlying meaning therefore being ‘run like a rabbit’.
=> scullery, skillet; sheet; scud, scut
scuttle (n.): "bucket," late Old English scutel "dish, platter," from Latin scutella "serving platter" (source also of French écuelle, Spanish escudilla, Italian scudella "a plate, bowl"), diminutive of scutra "flat tray, dish," perhaps related to scutum "shield" (see hide (n.1)).

A common Germanic borrowing from Latin (Old Norse skutill, Middle Dutch schotel, Old High German scuzzila, German Schüssel "a dish"). Meaning "basket for sifting grain" is attested from mid-14c.; sense of "bucket for holding coal" first recorded 1849.
scuttle (v.1): "scamper, scurry," mid-15c., probably related to scud (v.). Related: Scuttled; scuttling.
I should have been a pair of ragged claws
Scuttling across the floors of silent seas.
[T.S. Eliot, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"]
scuttle (v.2): "cut a hole in a ship to sink it," 1640s, from skottell (n.) "opening in a ship's deck" (late 15c.), from Middle French escoutille (Modern French écoutille) or directly from Spanish escotilla "hatchway," diminutive of escota "opening in a garment," from escotar "cut out," perhaps from e- "out" (see ex-) + Germanic *skaut-. Figurative use is recorded from 1888. Related: Scuttled; scuttling.

雙語例句

1. He personally had received orders from Commander Lehmann to scuttle the ship.: 他個人已收到萊曼司令要求鑿沉輪船的命令。

2. Crabs scuttle along the muddy bank.: 幾只螃蟹沿著泥濘的河堤快速橫行。

3. Such threats could scuttle the peace conference.: 這種威脅會阻撓和平會議。

4. There was a general scuttle for shelter when the rain began to fall heavily.: 下大雨了,人們都飛跑著尋找躲雨的地方.

5. The scuttle was open, and the good daylight shone in.: 明朗的亮光從敞開的小窗中照了進來。

scuttle是什么意思

scuttle

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中文詞源

英文詞源

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