spill是什么意思

spill

英 [sp?l] 美 [sp?l]

vt. 使溢出，使流出；使摔下
vi. 溢出，流出；摔下；涌流
n. 溢出，濺出；溢出量；摔下；小塞子
n. (Spill)人名；(德)施皮爾

助記提示

1. 專(zhuān)家生病了，把水潑出去了。
2. 專(zhuān)家生病了，有氣無(wú)力的，端個(gè)水都端不穩(wěn)，水灑的到處都是。
3. 專(zhuān)家病了，拿不穩(wěn)杯子，使水溢出。

中文詞源

spill 灑出，溢出，潑出，泄露

來(lái)自古英語(yǔ) spillan,破壞，殺死，致殘，肢解，來(lái)自 Proto-Germanic*spilthjan,破壞，毀滅，來(lái) 自 PIE*spel,分開(kāi)，劈開(kāi)。后引申詞義流血，灑出，并可能由該詞義引申比喻義灑出，溢出，泄露等。其原義見(jiàn) spoil,搶劫，戰(zhàn)利品。

spill 小木條，小木棍

可能來(lái)自 spill 印歐詞根 PIE*spel,分開(kāi)，劈開(kāi)。

英文詞源

spill: spill: Spill ‘let fall’ [OE] and spill ‘thin piece of wood’ are distinct words. The former originally meant ‘destroy, kill’; the modern sense ‘a(chǎn)llow liquid to pour out or fall’, which did not emerge until the 14th century, arose as a rather grisly metaphor based on the notion of ‘shedding blood’. The ultimate origins of the word, which has relatives in Dutch spillen and Swedish spilla, are not known. Spill ‘thin piece of wood’ was probably borrowed from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch spile ‘splinter, wooden pin, bar, etc’, which also gave English spile ‘bung’ [16].

This in turn went back to a prehistoric West Germanic *spinla (source also of English spindle). The familiar modern use of spill for a ‘small slip of wood, paper, etc used for carrying a flame’ did not emerge until the early 19th century.
=> spin, spindle
spill (v.): Old English spillan "destroy, mutilate, kill," also in late Old English "to waste," variant of spildan "destroy," from Proto-Germanic *spilthjan (cognates: Old High German spildan "to spill," Old Saxon spildian "destroy, kill," Old Norse spilla "to destroy," Danish spilde "lose, spill, waste," Middle Dutch spillen "to waste, spend"), from PIE *spel- (1) "to split, break off" (cognates: Middle Dutch spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Greek aspalon "skin, hide," spolas "flayed skin;" Lithuanian spaliai "shives of flax;" Old Church Slavonic rasplatiti "to cleave, split;" Middle Low German spalden, Old High German spaltan "to split;" Sanskrit sphatayati "splits").

Sense of "let (liquid) fall or run out" developed mid-14c. from use of the word in reference to shedding blood (early 14c.). Intransitive sense "to run out and become wasted" is from 1650s. Spill the beans recorded by 1910 in a sense of "spoil the situation;" 1919 as "reveal a secret." To cry for spilt milk (usually with negative) is attested from 1738. Related: Spilled; spilt; spilling.
spill (n.): 1845, originally "a throw or fall from a horse," from spill (v.). Meaning "the spilling of a liquid, amount of spilled stuff" is from 1848.

雙語(yǔ)例句

1. The spill could wipe out the Gulf's turtle population.: 這次原油泄漏可能會(huì)使波斯灣的海龜滅絕。

2. Utmost care must be taken not to spill any of the contents.: 千萬(wàn)注意里面的東西一點(diǎn)都不能灑出來(lái)。

3. When the bell rings, more than 1,000 children spill from classrooms.: 當(dāng)鈴聲響起時(shí)，1,000多名孩子從教室里涌了出來(lái)。

4. He is prepared to spill the blood of a million people.: 他準(zhǔn)備殺掉100萬(wàn)人。

5. He was tempted to spill out his problems to Philip.: 他很想把自己的問(wèn)題透露給菲利普。

spill是什么意思

spill

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