strive
英 [stra?v]
美 [stra?v]
助記提示
1. strive, strife 是同源詞(v <-->f)，因此它們的含義很相近；其實(shí)，stride 與 strive, strife 也是同源詞，只是 stride 的引申義引申得比較遠(yuǎn)，因此僅從含義上看不出它們的同源性。
2. 古高地德語(yǔ)：*strit- "fight, combat, contention; quarrel, dispute" => 古法語(yǔ)：*strit- / *strif- "quarrel, dispute" => strife => strive.
3. 古高地德語(yǔ)：*strit- "fight, combat, contention" => *strid- => stride (其字面含義，其實(shí)就是兩條腿之間的對(duì)峙、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，兩條腿怎樣才能形成對(duì)峙呢，當(dāng)然就是叉開(kāi)腿，形成跨步、跨立姿勢(shì))，由此引申出了如今的含義，straddle 就是 stride 的同源同引申義的詞.
4. *strid- => *strad- + -le (雙寫d加-le, 反復(fù)體后綴)。
5. strive 和 strife 如今的含義出現(xiàn)了一定的分化，strive 多用來(lái)指褒義的努力、盡力在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、爭(zhēng)斗中獲得勝利，而 strife 則多來(lái)指中性的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、爭(zhēng)斗的這種行為。
中文詞源
strive 努力，奮斗來(lái)自中古英語(yǔ) striven,艱難嘗試，努力，奮斗，來(lái)自古法語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 estriver,爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)斗，來(lái)自古 法語(yǔ)名詞 estrif,爭(zhēng)吵，爭(zhēng)斗，改寫自 estrit,爭(zhēng)吵，來(lái)自 Proto-Germanic*strido,紛爭(zhēng)，斗爭(zhēng)，戰(zhàn) 斗，詞源同 stride.后主要用于褒義詞義努力，奮斗，原詞義見(jiàn)名詞 strife,紛爭(zhēng)，沖突。
英文詞源
- strive
- strive: [13] Strive was borrowed from Old French estriver ‘quarrel, strive’. It is not certain where this came from, although it has been suggested that it was acquired from Old High German strīt ‘contention’, a relative of English stride. Strife [13] comes from the associated Old French noun estrif.
=> strife - strive (v.)
- c. 1200, "quarrel, contend," from Old French estriver "to quarrel, dispute, resist, struggle, put up a fight, compete," from estrif, estrit "quarrel" (see strife). It became a strong verb (past tense strove) by rhyming association with drive, dive, etc. Meaning "try hard" is from early 14c. Related: Striving.
雙語(yǔ)例句
- 1. We encourage all members to strive for the highest standards.
- 我們鼓勵(lì)所有成員為達(dá)到最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而努力。
來(lái)自《權(quán)威詞典》
- 2. Don't strive merely for quantity of production.
- 在生產(chǎn)中不要單純地追求數(shù)量.
來(lái)自《現(xiàn)代漢英綜合大詞典》
- 3. Strive for the best, prepare for the worst.
- 作最壞的打算,爭(zhēng)取最好的結(jié)果.
來(lái)自《現(xiàn)代英漢綜合大詞典》
- 4. Mr Annan said the region must now strive for economic development as well as peace.
- 安南先生說(shuō)該地區(qū)現(xiàn)在必須為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與和平而奮斗。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句
- 5. You should always strive to achieve more, however well you have done before.
- 無(wú)論之前取得何等輝煌的成就，都應(yīng)該不斷努力進(jìn)取。
來(lái)自柯林斯例句